PATHIAN A AWM NGEI TIH FINFIAH THEIH A NI EM?

  

New Atheist an tih zinga Philosophy-a thuk ber Christopher Hitchens-a thukhawchang sawi chhawn hlawh tak chu, “That which can be asserted without evidence, can be dismissed without evidence,”(Finfiahna awm lova thil lo pawm ve ringawt chu finfiahna awm lo bawkin a hnawl theih e) tih hi a ni a. Tunlai khawvel hi scientific world a nih miau avangin eng pawh sawi ila, ‘evidence’(a dikzia hmuh theiha tihlan), ‘proof’(finfiahna), ‘verification’(haihawnna) phûtna hi a lian tawh hle a ni. Pathian a awm ngei a ni tih pawh finfiah theih a nih loh va, a awm zia hi lantira haihawn theih a nih loh avangin a awm lo tih hi a dingchang mai tur a ni, an ti a ni ber.

 

New Atheist-te hma fe khan an lo chai tawh thin

 

Hei hi thil thar a ni lo va, kum 1936 khan kum 26 mi chauh AJ Ayer-an Language, Truth and Logic tih a ziak a. Chu lehkhabu Logical Positivist-ho (hmuh theih khawvel piah lam ring duh mang lo ho) textbook tling ta hialah chuan Verification Principle(haihawnna thu) a tih chu telhin, “a sentence had literal meaning if and only if the proposition it expressed was either analytic or empirically verifiable,” (Kan thil sawi reng reng hi thil chiang sa hriat thiam theih mai chi a ni emaw, finfiah theih a nih chauhvin awmzia a nei) tiin a sawi a. Ani lo lan hma daihin 1876 khan W.K. Clifford-an, “It is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe in anything upon insufficient evidence,” (Tu tan pawh, khawi hmunah pawh finfiahna tha tawk awm loa thil pawm ngawt hi a dik ngai lo) a lo ti tawh a.  Hei hi tunlai thangthar Atheist-te sawi chhawn fo intihchangkanna leh intihfinna pawi tak a ni awm e.

 

Atheist-in Atheism an ‘prove’ thei em?      

 

AJ Ayer-a thusawi khi dik fu-a lang mah se belhchian dawl lem lo tak a ni a.  A chhan chu a thu sawi kan pawm dawn chuan ama ‘verification principle’ ngei pawh khi a dik leh dik loh ‘verify’ theih a ni bik lo a ni! Verify theih chauh kan pawm dawn chuan ama principle pawh khi kan verify thei chuang bawk si lo! Eng tika ‘verify’(haihawn) tur nge a tih ang le? Lehlam zawnga ngaihtuah chuan Kristian thurin zawng zawng zawk hi ‘verify’ theih, nakina ‘verify’ vek tur, a lai laklawhah kan la awm avanga la ‘verify’ loh mai a ni zawk a. Clifford-a evidentialism pawh hi pawm vek theih a ni bik lo bawk a. Evidence awm lovin thil tam tak kan pawm thin zawk a ni. (e.g., midang rilru (other minds) hi a awm leh awm loh evidence kan nei miah lo, mahse kan pawm mai zel a nih hi). Ayer-a ang tho hian a thusawi finfiahna a awm bik lova,  ‘a vawtuin a ek a cheh’ tih ang chi zawng zawng kha an nei zo ta a ni. Finfiah theih leh theih loh chungchângah chuan Theism(Pathian awm rin) leh Atheism(Pathian awm rin loh) hi ‘prove’ theih an nih loh dan a inang chiah a. Tih tak takah chuan, Pathian chu Pathian a nih dawn chuan logic leh mathematics thil ang mai mai a mihringte ‘prove’ theih leh ‘disprove’ theih mai mai ni awm lo tak a ni.

 

Reformed Epistemology an tih chu

 

            Heti hi a nih avangin tunge mahni tanna finfiah (prove) tur zawk tih thuah pawh inhnialna a awm ta a. Pathian awm a rin hma 1976 khan Atheist Antony Flew chuan, Pathian awm rinna hian ni tin nun leh science kalhmang a kalh tlat avangin Theist ho chuan Pathian awm an ring a nih chuan a finfiahna an pe tur a ni, tiin a sawi a. Philosopher dang Michael Scriven pawhin Theist ho hian an thusawi hi pawmnahawm anga an sawi dawn chuan a finfiahna an nei ngei turah ngaiin, chuti a nih loh chuan Atheism(Pathian awm rin lohna) hi a dingchang mai turah a ngai bawk.

 

Kristian Philosopher Alvin Plantingan hei hi a pawm bik hauh lo mai a. Pathian hriatna hi hringfate tana ‘basic belief’(mihring rilrua awm sa ve hrim hrim) a ni a, keimahnia awm sa a nih miau avangin hnawltute chuan a dik lohzia hi an finfiah (prove) zawk tur a ni ang, tiin a tang. Plantinga sawi dan hi ‘Reformed Epistemology’ an ti a. John Calvina sawi thin sensus divinitus (Pathian hriatna) chu mi zawng zawnga awm sa a nihna behchhana a sawi a ni awm e. He thil avang hian Theism chu mihring nihphung pangngai a ni a, thenkhat Pathian awm ring hauh lo an lo awm a nih chuan Sual hnathawhah a ngai mai a ni.

 

Finfiahna(Evidence/Proof) phut hi a finthlak em?

 

Finfiahna eng ang êm nge kan phût tih kan inbih chian fo a pawimawh ang. Pathian awm chungchangah hian, 2+2=4 tih anga chiang leh hnial theih miah loh dinhmun ang kan phût a nih chuan kan ti lutuk a ni ve thei tho lovang maw? Khawvel court-ah meuh pawh, engkim phawrh fai leng loh pawhin, thu rinawm tawk a nih chuan kan pawm mai si a. R.A. Reid chuan, “Strictly speaking ‘Proof’ exists nowhere outside mathematics. There is no proof (accurately speaking) in empirical science: there is only progressive verification and substantiation.”(Mathematics pawn lamah proof sawi tak tak theih a ni lo a. Science kan tih pawh thil ‘prove’ theihah a innghat vek lem chuang lo a, a dikna an hre chhawm ve zel mai zawk a ni) a ti. Pathian hi a awm a nih chuan mithiamte hriat bik tur ‘proof’ ngan taka hriat tur a nih kher a rinawm loh va, mimawl ber pawhin kan hriat tura a inpuan a rinawm zawk daih a ni. Tin, Pathian chungchâng hi a tet loh em avangin ‘proof’ leh ‘disproof’ chi hrang hrang hi maltan thei an ni lo. Nun pumpui huapa en tur ni awm tak zawk an ni.

 

Pathian hi hring nuna ‘thil’ pakhat ve ang chauha kan ngaih chuan a buaithlak hle reng a. Entirnân, ‘pheichham’ hi thil pakhat a ni a. A awm leh awm loh pawh finfiah tura beisei theih thil a ni. A awm ringtu leh awm ring lotu chuan thil dang zawng zawngah an inthurual hnuin pheichham chu ‘thil’ pakhat dang a ni ve mai. Chutiang ‘thil’ mai mai chu Pathian a ni lo. Pathian awm ring leh ring lotu chuan thil pakhatah an ngaihdan a rual lo mai a ni lo va, nun pumpui an hmuh dan a inkalh a, an khawvel thlir dan a inang lo chhiava tihna a ni.

 

Hemi chungchâng hi C. Stephen Evans chuan chipchiar angreng takin, “Pathian awm ring leh ring lo chu Pathian chungchangah an ngaihdan a inang lo a ni mai lo a. Khawvel awmphung an ngaihdan zawng zawng a danglam vek tihna a ni. Ringtu chuan thil zawng zawng hi Pathian finna kutchhuakah a ngai a, ring lo thung chuan khawvel hi amaha lo awm mai a, awmzia leh awm chhan pawh nei chuang lovah a ngai a ni. Tanfung tha deuh deuh chu an phawrh thei ve ve ang…tisual thei dinhmuna ding ve ve an ni….Pathian rinna chuan hringnun hi engtia nun tur nge min zirtir tel a ni mai zawk e,” a ti.

 

Rinna vs Rinna

 

A tawpkhawkah chuan Naturalistic Worldview(Lei leh van hi chatuana awm sa tih ngaihdan) leh Supernaturalistic Worldview(kan hmuh theih khawvel piah lam thil a awm tih ngaihdan) inkar a ni ber a. Theism leh Atheism chu rinna(faith) ve ve, chhiarkawp thil anga hnawl theih loh khawpa chiang evidence/proof(finfiahna)-a innghat lem lo ve ve an ni. Chuvangin, Kristian Philosopher ropui Norman Geisler-a chuan “I don’t have enough faith to be an Atheist,” (Pathian awm ring lo ngam turin ka rinna a chak tawk lo) a ti hial a nia!

 

 

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