𝐌𝐎𝐃𝐈-𝐀 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐈𝐀

Khawvel boruak inher vel ngaihventute chuan India ram hi an ngaihthah ngai lo va. Democracy sorkara voter tam berna ram (largest democracy) a nih mai bakah ram dang nena insumdawn tawnna kawnga thlawhlai tha tak a ni miau a. Chu mai pawh a ni lo va, khawvelah hian Hindu sakhua zuitu majority nihna awmchhun ram pathum zinga pakhat (a dangte chu Nepal leh Mauritius) a nih vang pawh a ni tho mai thei. Miin Asia ram an thlir chuan China leh India hi an hmu lian lurh mai a ni. He ramah hian eng nge thleng tih an hre chak thin.

𝐅𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐡 𝐦𝐢𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐚𝐦 𝐡𝐧𝐮𝐡𝐦𝐚

Chutiang a nih vang emaw ni kher ni France ram daiha khawsa political scientist lar Christophe Jaffrelot chuan India politics chungchang hi 1990 chho atang khan a lo zir chiang tawh thin a, lehkhabu hlu tak tak 30 vel lai French leh English-in a chhuah tawh hial a ni. Nikuma a lehkhabu ziah phek 639 laia chhah 𝘔𝘰𝘥𝘪’𝘴 𝘐𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘢:𝘏𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘶 𝘕𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘮 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘙𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘌𝘵𝘩𝘯𝘪𝘤 𝘋𝘦𝘮𝘰𝘤𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘺 tih pawh khan chhiar a hlawhin, mi thiam chungchuang a nihzia a sawh nghet nasa hle. He lehkhabuah hian kan Prime Minister Narendra Modi-an India ram hi engtiang takin nge a sawp (?) tih a chhui a ni ber a. Lawmtu leh hawtu an tam hmel hle a ni. Christopher Jaffrelot hi Paris-a CERI-Sciences Po/CNRS Director of research a ni a, King’s College London-ah politics leh sociology subject-ah Professor a ni mek bawk a. Chu mai pawh a ni lo, Carnagie Endowment for International Peace-a ‘non-resident scholar’ a ni tel bawk a ni.

𝐇𝐧𝐚𝐦/𝐬𝐚𝐤𝐡𝐚𝐰 𝐛𝐢𝐥 𝐝𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐲

Democracy han tih mai hian ‘mipui thuneihna ram’ tihna emaw ‘inthlang ram’ tih emaw kan rilruah a lang nghalin a rinawm a. Thler sin lehzual peih Christopher Jaffrelot-a te ang chuan ‘people’s democracy’, ‘guided democracy’, ‘illiberal democracy’, ‘authoritarian democracy’, ‘flawed democracy’, and ‘conservative democracy’ ti te-in an sawi hrang seng sung mai a. India phei hi chu ‘Ethnic Democracy’ (hnam/sakhaw bil democracy) nihna a pe der mai. Chutiang nihna lo chelh tawh pakhat chu Israel ram, Juda ho ram bika inchhal khu a ni a. Democracy pangngai tak thin kha PM Modi-a rorelna hnuaiah hian chutiang lamah chuan a inher chak hle tih hi he lehkhabuin a pho chhuah pakhat a ni awm e.

𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐚 𝐝𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐲 𝐥𝐞𝐩𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐚

India independent tirh lam kum 20 vel kha a hun khatna chu a ni a, a hun hnihna chu Rajiv Gandhi rawn lal leh tlak hnu deuh VP Singh-a PM a rawn nih chhoh hun kha a ni leh a. A hun thumna chu kum 2014-a Narendra Modi kaihhruai BJP rawn chak tak atang khan a ni, a ti. Pu Modi-a hian ‘ethnic democracy’ an tih mai ‘a tam zawk thuneihna (India ramah chuan sakhaw zuitu tam) pumhlum leh mi tlem zawkte chu a neitu ber ni lo zawka ngaih tlatna’ tihna a ni ber awm e. Jaffrelota hian thu khuh chiam lovin “India democracy ‘hnam/sakhaw bil democracy’ a lo nih tak chhan chu sakhaw zalenna (secularism) hnawla sorkar berin Hindu sakhua a voh tak vang hi a ni,” a ti mai a. Chu chu heti hian a rawn inher chhuak a – A hmasa berah chuan central leh state-ah dan thar Hindu sakhua hma ngaiin an han siam a (ent., bawng talh khap) . Tichuan, sakhaw zalenna dinpuitute beih nan rorelna an han keng kawh a (ent., JNU Vice Chancellor ruat chungchang te, Kohhran leh NGO pangngai tam tak khawih chetu FCRA dan hman te). A dawtah RSS ho an han vulh a, sorkar post lianah an han dah a (Doordarshan-a hotupa ber an dah dan). Chumi hnuah zirna huang luhchilhin history textbook an ziak tha miah miah mai a ni. A tawpnaah chuan ‘ram hmelma’ (anti-national) anga puha inman zak zakte pawh a awm ta a ni. He ‘ethnic democracy’ hi RSS te nena inzawm ngei ni mah se Modi-a hian a nunpui nasa hle tih a hriat theih. Khawvel puma Hindu sakhua tilar turin a bei nasa angreng hle a, Hindu puithiam kawr rawng serthlum rawnga inthuamin Hindu hmun thianghlim a tlawh fo a, Nepal ram thleng thlengin a kal thin a ni tih kan hria. Hindu sakhua zirtirna pakhat Yoga chu khawvel puma tihlar tumin ‘International Yoga Day’ a ti rup rup mai. Heng zawng zawngah hian Muslim leh Kristiante dah tet tumna a lian hle zel tih pawh hre nghal ila a tha awm e.

𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐚 𝐫𝐚𝐦 𝐧𝐢𝐡𝐩𝐡𝐮𝐧𝐠 𝐫𝐢𝐥 𝐚 𝐤𝐡𝐚𝐰𝐢𝐡

Kan ram Danpui chuan sakhaw pawm bik a nei lo ni mai lovin, sakhua eng pawh zui turin zalenna min pe a. Article 15 na chuan sakhua avanga inthliarna khap tlat chungin chhia leh tha thiang nei tur leh kan duh tak Pathian be turin zalenna min pe a ni. Article 25 phei chuan “mipuia buaina emaw, nunphung dik lo leh hrisel lohnate a thlen lo a nih chuan….mi tinte chu thlei bik nei hauh lovin….eng sakhua pawh an biain, an zawmin and thehdarh thei a ni,” a ti. India ramah hian sakhaw zalenna hi phuahchawp ni lovin hriat theih tirh atanga lo awm tawh zawk a ni a. Politics hruaitu Ashoka, Akbar, leh Mahatma Gandhi ten hemi chungchang hi tha tak tak an lo ziak tawh a ni. Jaffrelot hian Gandhi-a thukhawchang sawi chhawngin, “Hindu ho hian India ram hi Hindu ram bika an ngaih chuan an suangtuahna khawvelah an cheng tihna a ni ang. Hindu, Mosolman, Parsis, leh Kristiante chu hemi ram mi dik tak vek an ni a, an zavaia that tlanna tur tal pawhin an inpumkhat ngei ngei a ngai a ni,” tiin Hind Swaraj-ah a lo sawi tawh si a. Gandhi, Nehru, Patel, leh midangten India nihna an lo sawi thin dan leh an lo mitthla thin kha Modi-a leh a hote chuan an hlat rem rem hle a. Chumi lo lan chhuah dan kawng chi hrang hrang chu chipchiar takin Jaffrelot hian he lehkhabuah hian a chhui a ni.

𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐢-𝐚 𝐇𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐭𝐯𝐚 𝐜𝐡𝐮

Hetiang taka Hindu sakhua leh politics an suihzawmna hi Hindutva an tih hi a ni ber a. Hindu sakhaw pangngai nen chuan dang tak a ni. Hindutva chuan Islam sakhua leh Kristian sakhuate chu a do hle a, ramdang sakhua Hinduism tiral theitu angin an ngai tlat a. Chutiang mihrang daih chu huat tur leh tihbo tur angin an ngai ta tlat a. Kristian missionaryte tan harsatna an siam fo thin tih kan hria. Midangte huata awka a tamin Hindu sakhaw zuitu chi hrang hrangte insuihkhawm tura sawmna pawh a tam hle. Hetih lai reng hian thenkhat chuan Hindutva hi Hindu society-a hnam tha hovin an thuneihna leh dinhmun tha India independence hnua an hloh tak lak let tumna angah an ngai thung. Independence hnua mi pakhat tana vote pakhat a lo nih tak leh hnam hnuai hnung (scheduled caste) te tana reservation siam tak chuan Hindu hnamtha ho dinhmun a phet nasa a, kawng tam takah hlutna inang titih an ni ta tlat a. Chumi chu duh lovin he ‘Hindutva ideology’ hi an tilarta a ni, an ti. Brahmin hovin thuneihna leh dinhmun tha an chan let theih nana an politics khelhna hmanrua vel mai mai a nih chu. Hei hian India ram engti takin nge a sawi danglam anga, engti takin nge a tihchhiat ang tih chu hunin a la hril dawn a ni.

𝐊𝐚𝐧 𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐭 𝐚 𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐢

Mizo tam tak rilruah chuan India hi Hindu ram a ni nge ni lo, a ram mi dik tak angin min pawm nge pawm lo tih lam hian chuti takin buaina a thlen lem lo va. India mi nih duh lova lo do at at tawh kha kan ni reng a. Mahse, he Hindutva thli duhawm lo tak tleh mup mup hian kan nihna kan duh leh chhuan em em Kristianna hi a su chiang a, chuvang chuan min kaihhnawih thuk hle a ni tih hriat tur a ni. India rama piang ni lo sakhua zawng zawng hi ‘mikhual sakhua’ anga an ngaih luih zuitute chuan Hindutva hnuaiah chuan harsatna an tawng nasa telh telh dawn a nih hmel a. A bik takin Chanchin Tha hrilna hnain a tuar mek avang leh a tuar nasat telh telh dawn avang hian Sual hnathawh a tih loh theih loh va, kan khawhawiin hetiang thil te hi hmu thiam phak sela. A chhiar thei chi kan nih phei chuan he lehkhabu ngei te pawh hi chhiar hlawm ila a tha ngawt ang.

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